Normally on Windows Vista and 7, when you connect to a network for the very first time it needs to know what type of network it is, these type are home network, work. InformationWeek shares news, analysis and advice on operating systems, from Microsoft Windows 8 to Apple iOS 7. Technology keeps you connected everywhere you go, helps you capture every moment & makes your life a bit easier; stay up-to-date with tips & tricks from eHow. Apple. Talk - Wikipedia. Apple. Talk was a proprietarysuite of networking protocols developed by Apple Inc. Apple. Talk includes a number of features that allow local area networks to be connected with no prior setup or the need for a centralized router or server of any sort. Connected Apple. Talk- equipped systems automatically assign addresses, update the distributed namespace, and configure any required inter- networking routing. Apple. Talk was released in 1. Apple devices through the 1. Versions were also released for the IBM PC and compatibles and the Apple IIGS. Apple. Talk support was also available in most networked printers (especially laser printers), some file servers, and a number of routers. The rise of TCP/IP during the 1. Apple. Talk became unsupported as of the release of Mac OS X v. Many of Apple. Talk's more advanced autoconfiguration features have since been introduced in Bonjour, while Universal Plug and Play serves similar needs. History. Known as Apple. Net, it was based on the seminal Xerox XNSprotocol stack. Apple. Net was announced early in 1. Apple. Net cards for the Lisa and the Apple II. At that time, early LAN systems were just coming to market, including Ethernet, Token Ring and ARCNET. This was a topic of major commercial effort at the time, dominating shows like the National Computer Conference (NCC) in Anaheim in May 1. All of the systems were jockeying for position in the market, but even at this time Ethernet's widespread acceptance suggested it was to become a de facto standard. At the time, they announced that . We built and used Apple. Net in- house, but we realized that if we had shipped it, we would have seen new standards coming up. During development, engineers had made the decision to use the Zilog 8. SCC) instead of the lower cost and more common UART to provide serial port connections. The SCC cost about $5 more than a UART, but offered much higher speeds up to 2. IBM's Bisync. Peripherals equipped with similar SCCs could communicate using the built- in protocols, interleaving their data with other peripherals on the same bus. This would eliminate the need for more ports on the back of the machine, and allowed for the elimination of expansion slots for supporting more complex devices. The initial concept was known as Apple. Bus, envisioning a system controlled by the host Macintosh polling . A series of memos from Bob Belleville clarified these concepts, outlining the Mac, Laser. Writer and a file server system which would become Macintosh Office. In the end, Token Ring would not ship until October 1. When Apple. Net was cancelled in October, Sidhu led an effort to develop a new networking system based on the Apple. Bus hardware. This new system would not have to conform to any existing preconceptions, and was designed to be worthy of the Mac - a system that was user- installable, had zero- configuration, and no fixed network addresses - in short, a true plug- and- play network. Sidhu mentioned the work to Belleville only two hours after the Mac was announced. Adaptors for Apple II and Apple III were also announced. Details of how this would work were sketchy. Apple. Talk. The system had a number of limitations, including a speed of only 2. LAN. But as the basic hardware was built into the Mac, adding nodes only cost about $5. In comparison, Ethernet or Token Ring cards cost hundreds or thousands of dollars. Additionally, the entire networking stack required only about 6 k. B of RAM, allowing it to run on any Mac. The relatively slow speed of Apple. Talk allowed further reductions in cost. Instead of using RS- 4. Apple. Talk Personal Network cabling used a single common electrical ground, which limited speeds to about 5. This meant that common three- conductor cables could be used for wiring. Additionally, the adaptors were designed to be . There was no need for the wires to be connected back together into a loop, nor the need for hubs or other devices. The system was designed for future expansion; the addressing system allowed for expansion to 2. LAN (although only 3. Additionally, Apple. Talk was designed from the start to allow use with any potential underlying physical link. The main advantage of Apple. Talk was that it was completely maintenance- free. To join a device to a network, you simply plugged the adaptor into the machine, then connected a cable from it to any free port on any other adaptor. Apple. Talk's internal protocols negotiated a working network address number, automatically gave the computer a human- readable name, and collected up a list of the names and types of other machines on the network so the user could browse the devices through the GUI- based Chooser. Apple. Talk was so easy to use that ad- hoc networks tended to appear whenever multiple Macs were in the same room. One particularly notable example was an alternate adaptor designed by BMUG and commercialized by Farallon as Phone. Net in 1. 98. 7. This was essentially a replacement for Apple's connector that had conventional phone jacks instead of Apple's round connectors. Phone. Net allowed Apple. Talk networks to be connected together using normal telephone wires, and with very little extra work, could run analog phones and Apple. Talk on a single four- conductor phone cable. Other companies took advantage of the SCC's ability to read external clocks in order to support higher transmission speeds, up to 1 Mbit/s. In these systems the external adaptor also included its own clock, and used that to signal the SCC's clock input pins. The best known such system was Centram's Flash. Talk, which ran at 7. TOPS networking system. Dayna also offered a PC expansion card that ran up to 1. Mbit/s when talking to other Dayna PC cards. The package included both a Nu. Bus card with Ethernet ports and a new Network control panel that allowed the user to select which physical connection to use for networking (from . The release's new networking stack also expanded the system to allow a full 2. LAN. With its release, Apple. Talk Personal Network was renamed Local. Talk. Token Ring would eventually be supported with the similar Token. Talk product, which used the same Network control panel and underlying software. Many third party companies would introduce compatible Ethernet and Token Ring cards that used these same drivers. The appearance of Ether. Talk also led to a problem: Networks with new and old Macs needed some way to communicate between each other. This could be as simple as a network of Ethernet Mac IIs trying to talk to a Laser. Writer. Apple had considered the problem, and Apple. Talk included the possibility for a low- cost Local. Talk- to- Ethernet bridge, but they felt it would be a low- volume product and left it to third parties. A number of companies responded, both existing communications vendors like Hayes and Cisco Systems, as well as newly formed companies like Kinetics. Contrary to Apple's belief these would be low- volume, by the end of 1. Apple. Talk was at that time the most used networking system in the world, with over three times the installations of any other vendor. A common Apple. Share machine was the Mac Plus with an external SCSIhard drive. Apple. Share was the #3 network operating system in the late 1. Novell Net. Ware and Microsoft's MS- Net. In many ways, Phase II can be considered an effort to make the earlier version (never called Phase I) more generic. LANs could now support more than 2. For instance, one could now make a . Phase II also included changes to the underlying inter- networking protocols to make them less . These included updates to Ether. Talk and Token. Talk, Apple. Talk software and Local. Talk hardware for the IBM PC, Ether. Talk for Apple's A/UXoperating system allowing it to use Laser. Printers and other network resources, and the Mac X. Mac. X products. Ethernet had become almost universal by 1. Ethernet into Macs direct from the factory. However, the physical wiring used by these networks was not yet completely standardized. Apple solved this problem using a single port on the back of the computer into which the user could plug an adaptor for any given cabling system. This Friendly. Net system was based on the industry- standard Attachment Unit Interface or AUI, but deliberately chose a non- standard connector that was smaller and easier to use, which they called . Friendly. Net was first introduced on the Quadra 7. Quadra 9. 00 computers, and used across much of the Mac line for some time. As with Local. Talk, a number of 3rd party Friendly. Net adaptors quickly appeared. As 1. 0BASE- T became the de facto cabling system for Ethernet, second- generation Power Macintosh machines added a 1. BASE- T port in addition to AAUI. The Power. Book 3. Power Macs also added 1. BASE- T. The Power Macintosh 7. Macs to include AAUI, and 1. BASE- T became universal starting with the Power Macintosh G3 and Power. Book G3. The capital- I Internet. However, this left many universities with the problem of supporting IP on their many Local. Talk- equipped Macs. Stanford University pioneered development of Mac. IP, which allowed IP packets to be routed over Local. Talk networks with the support of a suitable . These were initially custom devices, but it was soon common to include Mac. IP support in Local. Talk- to- Ethernet bridges. Mac. TCP would not become a standard part of the Classic Mac OS until 1. SNMP and PPP. For some time in the early 1. Mac was a primary client on the rapidly expanding Internet. Additionally, a number of server products appeared that allowed the Mac to host Internet content. Through this period, Macs had about 2 to 3 times as many clients connected to the Internet as any other platform. This led to the Open Transport efforts, which re- implemented both Mac. TCP and Apple. Talk on an entirely new code base adapted from the Unix standard STREAMS. Early versions had problems and did not become stable for some time. By that point, Apple was deep in their ultimately doomed Copland efforts. Legacy and abandonment. Tech - How To Information.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
September 2017
Categories |